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--- linux:rust [2021/01/31 11:20] – created kurt.smolderen@empuly.net
+++ linux:rust [2021/02/14 13:05] (current) – kurt.smolderen@empuly.net
@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ===== Cargo =====
+  * ''cargo new project_name'': Initializes a new Rust project named //project_name//  in the current directory.
   * ''cargo build'': Build program without optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/debug//.
-  * ''cargo build --release'': Build program with runtime optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/release//.
+  * ''cargo build –release'': Build program with runtime optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/release//.
+===== Data types =====
+  * Scalar types:
+      * Integer: Internally represented in 2-components notation when signed (-(2<sup>n</sup>   ) -> 2<sup>n</sup>   -1)
+^Length^Signed^Unsigned|
+|8-bit|i8|u8|
+|16-bit|i16|u16|
+|32-bit|i32|u32|
+|64-bit|i64|u64|
+|128-bit|i128|u128|
+|arch|isize|usize|
+  * Floating point: ''f32'', ''f64''
+  * Boolean: ''bool''
+  * Character: ''char''
+  * Compound types
+  * Tuple: Fixed size (defined at declaration), elements may differ in type
+      * ''let tup: (i32, f64, u8) = (500, 6.4, 1);''
+      * Values can be retrieved by either pattern matching: ''let (x, y, z) = tup; %%//%% x, y and z are now accessible as variables''  or by using a period ''let x = tup.0;''
+      * Array: Fixed size, elements should be of the same type
+      * ''let a = [1, 2, 3];''
+      * ''let a: [f64; 3] = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0];''
+      * ''let a = [0; 5];'': Creates an array of size 5 with all elements initialized to 0
+      * ''let first = a[0];'': Accessing elements of array
+      * ''for element in a.iter() { … }'': Iterates over elements in array
+      * Rust panics on index out of bounds situations
+===== Variables =====
+  * ''let foo = bar;'': Creates immutable variable ''foo''  and assigns it value ''bar''.
+  * ''let mut foo = bar;'': Creates mutable variable ''foo''  and assigns it value ''bar''.
+  * ''let foo: type = false;'': Creates immutable variable ''foo%''  with explicit type definition.
+===== Functions =====
+  * ''fn function_name() { … }''
+  * ''fn function_name(x: i32, y: char) { … }'': Parameterized function
+  * ''fn function_name(x: i32) → i32 { … }'': Function with return value. Returned value is last evaluated expression of the function body.
+===== Terminology =====
+  * Associated function: function implemented on a type rather than on a particular instance of the type. Similar as a //static method//  in Java.
+  * Destructing: splitting a tuple in individual parts by pattern matching
+  * Expression: instructions that evaluate to a resulting value. No semicolon at end of line!
+  * Macro:
+  * Prelude:
+  * Statement: instructions that do not return a value
+  * Trait:
+===== Syntax =====
+  * ''&var'': Passes ''var''  as a reference. Allows a function to access a variable without the need to copy it to the function's stack.
+  * ''&mut var'': Passes ''var''  as a mutable reference. Allows a function to access and alter the variable's value.